¿Qué es el cáncer colorrectal? - Medical Animation
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¿Qué es el cáncer colorrectal? - Medical Animation
MEDICAL ANIMATION TRANSCRIPT: El cáncer en el intestino grueso se llama cáncer colorrectal. Las partes del intestino grueso son el colon, el recto y el canal anal. La mayoría de los casos de cáncer colorrectal comienza en el colón en pequeños grupos de células, llamados pólipos. La mayoría de los pólipos son benignos, lo que significa que contienen células anormales que no son cancerosas y no se diseminarán al resto del cuerpo. Solo están presentes en la delgada capa de tejido que recubre el interior del intestino. Si las células anormales se convierten en células cancerosas, el pólipo puede agrandarse e invadir más profundamente la pared del intestino grueso. Si no se trata, las células cancerosas pueden ingresar al torrente sanguíneo y diseminarse a los ganglios linfáticos cercanos. Con el tiempo, estas células pueden llegar a otros órganos y formar más tumores. Existe mayor riesgo de contraer cáncer colorrectal si: tiene antecedentes familiares de cáncer colorrectal, tiene pólipos de colon, tiene 50 años o más, es obeso, fuma cigarrillos, no realiza actividad física, bebe demasiado alcohol, o tiene una enfermedad que inflama el colon, como colitis ulcerosa o enfermedad de Crohn. Los síntomas del cáncer colorrectal pueden incluir: un cambio en los hábitos intestinales, como diarrea, estreñimiento o heces más delgadas de lo normal, sangre roja u oscura brillante en las heces, sentirse incapaz de vaciar el intestino, dolor de vientre, hinchazón o calambres, pérdida de peso sin motivo, sentirse débil o muy cansado y vómitos. Es importante saber que estos síntomas pueden ser causados por afecciones distintas al cáncer de colon, y es posible tener cáncer colorrectal sin presentar ningún síntoma, especialmente en las primeras etapas. Si tiene preguntas sobre el cáncer colorrectal, hable con su proveedor de atención médica.
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