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机器人减肥手术 - Medical Animation

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机器人减肥手术 - Medical Animation

医学动画文字记录：如果你患有严重肥胖，一直无法减肥，医生可能会建议你进行机器人减肥手术。消化系统（或胃肠道）包括口腔、食管、胃、小肠和大肠。胰腺、肝脏和胆囊会将消化液注入小肠，以帮助消化分解食物。以下情况医生可能会建议你做减肥手术：如果你不能通过节食和锻炼减肥；身体质量指数（BMI）超过40；如果BMI高于35，且患有威胁生命的疾病，如心脏病或糖尿病；或者体重超过理想体重（IBW）100磅（约45公斤）。减肥手术通过缩小胃的体积来帮助你减肥，这样胃容纳食物更少，让你更快地有饱腹感。手术包括了绕过一部分小肠，以减少食物通过消化系统的路径长度，同时减少了从食物中吸收的热量。在手术之前，首先建立静脉通路(IV)。通过静脉给予抗生素来减少感染的机会。术前进行全身麻醉。在手术过程中，经口气管插管到喉部，以帮助你术中呼吸。医生会在你的肚脐附近做一个小切口，并插入一根塑料管，称为套管。通过这个套管将二氧化碳气体泵入腹腔。气体会使你的腹部膨胀，为医生提供更多的空间来查看腹腔情况和移动手术器械。腹部充气后，通过这个孔插入一个高清摄像机。医生会做额外的切孔，供机器人手术器械以及病人侧助手使用的手术器械进入身体使用。助手将把所有的机器人手术器械插入这些孔。与标准的腹腔镜设备不同，这些器械可以360度旋转，比人类的手腕更灵活。医生坐在一个特殊的控制台上，通过类似操纵杆式的控制装置和脚踏板来操作机器人手臂和摄像机。计算机将把医生手指的精确动作转换成手术器械的精确动作。与此同时，高清晰度视觉系统将提供一个放大的、三维立体的手术区域视图。两种常见的机器人减肥手术方法是可调节胃束带手术和胃旁路手术。如果采用可调节胃束带手术，医生会在胃周围放一个束带，以限制胃容纳的食物量。束带与腹部皮下孔之间通过导管连接。医生会在导管中注射生理盐水来调整束带的松紧度，以加快减肥速度或减少副作用。如果采用胃旁路手术，医生会在胃里内造一个小袋，并把胃的其余部分与小肠上段分开。将小肠下段与胃袋吻合。然后，把小肠上段与小肠下段的其他部分重新吻合，这样胰腺、肝脏和胆囊的消化液就能帮助你消化食物。在手术结束时，切口将用缝线、缝合钉、手术粘合剂或封闭胶带敷料封闭。手术结束后，拔除气管插管，然后送你回恢复室（手术后的特别病房）进行监护。你可在需要的时候服用止痛药，也可能继续通过静脉给予抗生素。大多数患者在手术后1~2出院。

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Medical Legal Art creates medical demonstrative evidence (medical illustrations, drawings, pictures, graphics, charts, medical animations, anatomical models, and interactive presentations) for use during legal proceedings, including research, demand letters, client conferences, depositions, arbitrations, mediations, settlement conferences, mock jury trials and for use in the courtroom. We do not provide legal or medical advice. If you have legal questions, you should find a lawyer with whom you can discuss your case issues. If you have medical questions, you should seek the advice of a healthcare provider.