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幽门肌切开术（儿科） - Medical Animation

This animation may only be used in support of a single legal proceeding and for no other purpose. Read our License Agreement for details. To license this image for other purposes, click here.

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幽门肌切开术（儿科） - Medical Animation

医学动画文字记录：幽门狭窄是婴儿胃的一部分阻塞或异常狭窄的疾病。胃位于食管和小肠之间，储存并开始消化乳汁。胃的主要部分是胃底、胃体、幽门区（包括胃窦和幽门管）和幽门。胃壁包含几层肌肉。在幽门区的末端，肌肉层形成一个增厚的环，称为幽门括约肌。幽门括约肌围绕小肠开口，称为幽门。正常情况下，幽门括约肌的收缩刚好能保持胃里的乳汁，同时收缩使牛奶混合并分解。时不时地，更强烈的胃收缩波会把牛奶挤出胃。当幽门肌肉松弛时，乳汁通过幽门进入小肠。由于未知的原因，一些婴儿会出现幽门狭窄，幽门括约肌异常增厚的肌肉层阻塞幽门。胃的收缩不能通过阻塞的幽门将奶从婴儿的胃里挤出来。这样一来，胃里的乳汁就不能进入小肠，宝宝就会用力地把乳汁吐出来。呕吐可能会导致严重脱水，即身体失去太多水分。脱水的常见症状包括眼窝凹陷、婴儿啼哭时无泪、囟门凹陷、小便次数减少，或小便呈棕色或暗黄色。幸运的是，脱水不会立即危及生命。脱水治疗后，婴儿需要做一个叫做幽门肌切开术的手术来打开阻塞的幽门。该手术将在出生后1~2个月，当发现病情时进行。在手术前，对婴儿进行全身麻醉，使其整个手术过程中处于睡眠状态。在手术过程中，经鼻或口进行气管插管，以帮助婴儿呼吸。通常，医生会在肚脐附近或上腹部左右两侧做三个小切口。然后将装有摄像机和手术器械的小管子通过这些切口插入。医生会仔细定位增厚的幽门括约肌。在幽门括约肌外侧切开。切口只会穿过肌肉层，而内部组织完好无损。医生会插入一个手术器械来扩大切口，并将肌肉纤维分开。该切口即幽门肌切开术，它会松弛幽门括约肌，这样胃部收缩就能将食物通过幽门推进小肠。最后，医生将用可溶解缝合线和皮肤闭合条缝合皮肤切口。手术结束后，婴儿将被送回恢复室（手术后的特别病房）进行监护。医生会给婴儿用止痛药。手术后不久就可以开始喂食。一旦能正常进食并保持充足的水分，在1~2天可以出院。

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What attorneys say about MLA and The Doe Report:

"This past year, your company prepared three medical illustrations for our cases; two in which we received six figure awards; one in which we received a substantial seven figure award. I believe in large part, the amounts obtained were due to the vivid illustrations of my clients' injuries and the impact on the finder of fact."

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Marcari Russotto & Spencer, P.C.
Chesapeake, VA

"I have a medical illustration created by Medical Legal Art at the beginning of every case to tell the client's story, usually before I depose the defendant doctor. The work product and cost-efficiency are outstanding. It is a situation where, as a trial lawyer, I don't leave home without it."

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Attorney at Law
Austin, TX

"It is with great enthusiasm that I recommend Medical Legal Art. We have used their services for three years and always found their professionalism, quality of work, and timely attention to detail to exceed our expectations. We recently settled two complicated catastrophic injury cases. One medical malpractice case involving a spinal abscess settled for 3.75 million and the other involving injuries related to a motor vehicle accident settled for 6.9 million. We consider the artwork provided by MLA to have been invaluable in helping us to successfully conclude these cases.

I highly recommend MLA to anyone seeking high quality, detailed medical legal artwork."

E. Marcus Davis, Esq.
Davis Zipperman, Krischenbaum & Lotito
Atlanta, GA
www.emarcusdavis.com

"Thank you for the splendid medical-legal art work you did for us in the case of a young girl who was blinded by a bb pellet. As a result of your graphic illustrations of this tragic injury, we were able to persuade the insurance company to increase their initial offer of $75,000.00 to $475,000.00, just short of their policy limits.

We simply wanted you to know how pleased we were with your work which, to repeat, was of superlative character, and to let you know that we would be more than willing to serve as a reference in case you ever need one. Many thanks for an extraordinary and dramatic depiction of a very serious injury which clearly "catapulted" the insurance company's offer to a "full and fair" amount to settle this case."

Philip C. Coulter
Coulter &Coulter
Roanoke, VA

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Medical Legal Art creates medical demonstrative evidence (medical illustrations, drawings, pictures, graphics, charts, medical animations, anatomical models, and interactive presentations) for use during legal proceedings, including research, demand letters, client conferences, depositions, arbitrations, mediations, settlement conferences, mock jury trials and for use in the courtroom. We do not provide legal or medical advice. If you have legal questions, you should find a lawyer with whom you can discuss your case issues. If you have medical questions, you should seek the advice of a healthcare provider.