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Asthma - Medical Animation

 

This animation may only be used in support of a single legal proceeding and for no other purpose. Read our License Agreement for details. To license this image for other purposes, click here.

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Asthma - Medical Animation
MEDICAL ANIMATION TRANSCRIPT: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease that obstructs airflow in and out of the bronchial tubes. Normally, as the diaphragm contracts and relaxes, air moves freely in and out of the trachea and bronchi to the bronchioles and then to the alveoli where gas exchange takes place. During this process, carbon dioxide will diffuse out of the bloodstream into the alveolus while oxygen will diffuse from the alveolus into the bloodstream. Smooth muscle in the bronchial walls is controlled by the autonomic nervous system. Sympathetic stimulation relaxes smooth muscle and produces bronchodilation when the air is warm, moist, and free of irritants. Parasympathetic stimulation contracts smooth muscle and produces bronchoconstriction when the air is cold, dry, or contains irritants. People with asthma have chronically inflamed and swollen airways that are hyperreactive to irritants that can trigger an asthma attack. Asthma triggers include outdoor irritants and allergens such as pollen, smoke, pollution, and cold weather, indoor irritants and allergens such as mold, pet dander, dust mites, and cockroach droppings, food allergens such as fish, shellfish, eggs, peanuts, and soy, physiological conditions such as respiratory infections, stress and strong emotions, and exercise. During an asthma attack, these triggers can induce mast cells and leukocytes to release chemical substances such as histamine, kinins, prostaglandins, and leukotrienes. These substances are chemical mediators of inflammation that can precipitate a bronchospasm. Suddenly, the brochial smooth muscle tightens, and the bronchial wall becomes more swollen. Goblet cells in the mucosa produce thicker mucus further obstructing the airway. This combination of factors slows normal gas exchange. The symptoms of a broncospasm include coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest tightness. Medicines that treat asthma affect the inflammation of the airway wall, the constriction of the bronchial muscles, or mucus secretion. The most important asthma medications are long-acting anti-inflammatory drugs such as corticosteroids, leukotriene inhibitors, and cromolyn sodium. These drugs keep asthma under control by preventing or reducing inflammation of the bronchial wall. This makes the airways less sensitive to broncospasm triggers. Regular use of maintenance medications makes it less likely that an astma flare-up will take place. Broncodilators are either quick relief rescue medications such as short-acting beta agonists or long acting maintenance medications such as theophylline and anticholinergics. These drugs cause the bronchial smooth muscle to relax quickly or gradually over a longer period of time. Regular use of long-acting maintenance medication is critical in keeping your airways open and less inflamed. This reduces the likelihood of asthma flare-ups. When flare-ups do happen, it is important for patients to work with their licensed healthcare professional to develop an action plan for the correct use of short acting rescue medication. Rescue medication opens airways quickly providing symptom relief within minutes. [music]

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What attorneys say about MLA and The Doe Report:
"I have found that the personalized medical illustrations prepared by Medical Legal Art have been very accurate and helpful. The medical doctors, both treating physicians and expert witnesses, have commented on the accuracy and professionalism of the medical illustrations. Most importantly, your prompt service and attention upon even short notice has been tremendous. I can certainly say that the medical illustrations prepared by Medical Legal Art have assisted us in bringing cases to a successful resolution."

Paul L. Redfearn
The Redfearn Law Firm, P.C.
Kansas City, MO

"Thank you for the wonderful illustrations. The case resulted in a defense verdict last Friday. I know [our medical expert witness] presented some challenges for you and I appreciate how you were able to work with him."

Robert F. Donnelly
Goodman Allen & Filetti, PLLC
Richmond, VA

"There is nothing like a great graphic depicting the real nature and extent of a victim's injuries to get full value for your client. I use Medical Legal Art for mediations as well as trial."

Geoff Wells
Greene, Broillet, Panish & Wheeler
Santa Monica, CA

"Medical illustrations are essential during trial for any medical malpractice case. The people at MLA have the uncanny ability of creating medical illustrations that simplify the most complex of medical concepts and human anatomy to a lay audience. The exhibits of MLA allow experts to easily describe complex concepts and human anatomy in a manner that could not be done otherwise.

In addition, their custom illustrations show in great detail the extent of injuries suffered and the devastating effects they have had on the client's anatomy. These custom illustration can show, side by side, the body before and after a catastrophic injury. The effect of this juxtaposition is unmatched by any testimony that can be adduced at the time of trial.

Even jurors after trial have commented on the ease with which they grasp medical concepts and anatomy once the MLA exhibits were introduced and used by my experts. Even judges who have "seen it all" are thoroughly impressed by the detail and sophistication of the illustrations.

I would not want to try a case without them."

Lambros Y. Lambrou
McHUGH & LAMBROU, LLP
New York, NY













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